Programming Languages Selection for Web Development in 2024

The evergreen sector of Web Development offers both abundant Opportunities and Disadvantages. Since its inception in the early 1990s, the development industry has evolved and flourished in a number of methodologies and disciplines. One of the most in-demand skills in the twenty-first century is still web development. To begin a career in web development, you must know certain languages. Nonetheless, given the array of programming languages accessible today, especially for beginners, the challenge lies in selecting the ones to study.

What are Programming Languages?

In general, language is a tool for communication. A programming language is a type of computer language used to communicate with other computers. It is a set of instructions (or codes) created to carry out particular tasks.

Programmers can communicate instructions to the computer in a way that it can comprehend and follow by using a programming language. Each programming language has a unique syntax, structure, and set of rules that must be adhered to for the codes to run correctly.

Types of Programming Languages Based on Various Web Development Concepts

Now that you’ve decided to study web development, let’s start by going over some of its different facets. You can pursue one of three professional web development trajectories: front-end development, stack development, or back-end development.

Front-End Development

Front-end development is the process of building the website’s front end, or the area that visitors see and interact with. The technologies used in front-end development are HTML (the markup language), CSS (the styling tool), and JavaScript (the programming language).

Your website’s skeleton is created using HTML. Your website is styled with CSS. It is concerned with the website’s overall aesthetic, including the typefaces, color schemes, and other components. JavaScript, a high-level programming language, enhances the functionality of your website.

In other words, you can design a button using CSS and HTML codes. However, JavaScript is in charge of deciding what the button should do and where it should send users. You can be needed to build your designs as a front-end developer or you might get them from web designers.

Back-End Development

The back-end development, or everything that happens behind the scenes, is when the website’s logistics are established. For example, if you are running a restaurant, the dining room is your front end and the kitchen is your back end.

There shouldn’t be any visibility of the activity in the kitchen. The main programming languages used to build the back end of your website are Node.js, PHP, Python, etc.

Full-Stack Development

As a full-stack developer, you must create both the front end and the back end of the website. You must be an expert in programming, database management, API management, and security management to become a full-stack developer.

Best Programming Language for Web Development

Following our discussion of programming language fundamentals, let’s look at the top 15 languages for developing websites in 2024.

HTML

Any developer should be familiar with HTML, or HyperText Markup Language, as it is the foundation of web development. According to a Stack Overflow study, it is a highly sought-after skill for web developers and will be the second-most popular language in 2020. Despite not being a genuine programming language, it is the favored language for producing web pages.

Features

HTML gives web pages structure and is in charge of ensuring that text and graphics are formatted correctly.
It enables the use of templates, making website design simple.
It moves quickly and is light.

Advantages

Quite simple to understand and use.
Accepted by all browsers
Free and open to all.

Disadvantages

The static language prohibits the creation of dynamic pages.
Writing a lot of code is required to create a basic web page.

CSS

Another fundamental language that every developer needs to be familiar with is CSS. To control the style of a webpage, HTML usually pairs with Cascading Style Sheets or CSS. The mother of all programming languages is Disadvantages ordered to be the union of HTML and CSS. All elements on a web page have their colors, sizes, and locations decided by CSS.

Features

It has a cascading style, which means that applied styles will flow from parent to child throughout a webpage.
It is responsive web design compatible.
CSS maintains disadvantaged intent since it is a cascading language.

Advantages

Easy and suitable for beginners.
Accelerates page loading.
Makes web page personalization easier.

Disadvantages

The potential for cross-browser problems.
The confusion is caused by CSS, CSS2, and CSS3’s various layers.

JavaScript

The most widely used programming language worldwide, according to the 2020 Developer Survey by Stack Overflow, is JavaScript. One aspect of its appeal is the fact that it can be used for both front-end and back-end web development.

It also comprises several tools and frameworks and is used to give web pages behavior and interactivity. Developers frequently use JavaScript to make interactive web elements like moving images and clickable buttons.

Features

The programming language is simple.
The syntax is clear and straightforward to understand.
In addition to web development, you can use it to create mobile applications, video games, and web servers.

Advantages

JavaScript is extremely quick.
Easily incorporated into other languages.
It is simple to use.

Disadvantages

No support for multiple inheritances
Not as secure as other languages.

Java

Sun Microsystems created Java in 1990 to provide the C++ language with new features. Currently, one of the most widely used backend web development languages belongs to Oracle. It is a fantastic language to learn because of its low entry barrier, high productivity, and adherence to OOP concepts.

Features

Java provides multithreading, which allows the parallel execution of several threads, maximizing CPU usage.
It allows both vertical and horizontal scaling with relatively minor code modifications.
It is extremely secure and capable of handling enormous amounts of data.

Advantages

Simple to understand, write, and debug
It’s transportable
It is durable and adaptable.

Disadvantages

It uses more memory.
Slower than C or C++

Python

Python is an open-source language that is straightforward to learn and use, making it one of the most often-used languages for web development. This is a fantastic choice for programmers of all skill levels. Automation, data science, the creation of web applications, and backend development all make use of it.

Features

Its dynamic typing features make it simple for developers to build intricate websites that require frequent content updates.
It interfaces with other programming languages including C, C#, and Java, and is a productive backend web development language.

Advantages

OOP features simplify programming.
Significantly scalable.
Places a focus on readable code.

Disadvantages

Slow since it is an interpretive programming language.
Insufficient for creating mobile applications.

Typography

One of the most popular languages for web development is Typescript, an open-source programming language that Microsoft initially launched in 2012. It is frequently referred to as JavaScript++ and shares the same syntax and semantics as JavaScript. Because Typescript is more durable than JavaScript, it enables the development of enterprise-level applications with large codebases.

Features

Comes with several built-in debugging tools that simplify development
Because it uses a type-safe language, fewer type-related mistakes occur.
Supported by Microsoft’s free coding editor, Visual Studio coding.

Advantages

Compatible across platforms and browsers
Backs up OOP ideas
Improved readability of the code

Disadvantages

Before execution, you need to convert TypeScript code into JavaScript code.
Demands more knowledge than Javascript

C++

In 1980, programmers created C++ as an extension of Objective C, forming a middle-level programming language. It is a plain language that is easy to learn for beginners and beneficial. C++ enables capabilities like object-oriented programming, exception management, and type checking in addition to what Objective C does.

Features

Supports OOP concepts including inheritance, encapsulation, and abstraction.
Possesses a strong standard library
Effective and quick compilation technique

Advantages

Portable and Easy
Highly scalable
Strong community backing

Disadvantages

No automatic waste disposal
Difficulties related to pointers

Typescript

One of the most popular languages for web development is Typescript, an open-source programming language that Microsoft initially launched in 2012. It is frequently referred to as JavaScript++ and shares the same syntax and semantics as JavaScript. Due to Typescript’s greater robustness than JavaScript, it is possible to create enterprise-level systems with large codebases.

Features

Comes with several built-in debugging tools that simplify development
Supported by Microsoft’s free coding editor, Visual Studio coding.
Because it uses a type-safe language, fewer type-related mistakes occur.

Advantages

Compatible across platforms and browsers
Backs up OOP ideas
Improved readability of the code

Disadvantages

Before executing, Typescript code needs to be converted to Javascript code.
Demands more knowledge than Javascript

Objective Cs

A straightforward general-purpose language called Objective C or C was created in 1972. It is a well-liked language and is frequently one of the first options for programmers entering the development field. Most iOS operating system code is written in Objective C.

Features

Supports dynamic typing, which gives it great flexibility.
Implemented with the Cocoa or Cocoa Touch framework
Supports the allocation of dynamic memory

Advantages

Very simple to learn
Quick, strong, and adaptable
Able to carry out intricate computations

Disadvantages

Error detection is challenging
Is not compatible with OOP ideas

SQL

In conjunction with another computer language, the common database language known as SQL, or Structured Query Language, is employed. It is used to manipulate databases as a query language for databases. With more than 50% of developers using SQL for programming, it ranks third on Stack Overflow’s list of the most popular programming languages.

Features

Records in databases can be created, read, updated, and deleted using it.
Business intelligence tools make extensive use of it.
SQL has a straightforward syntax.

Advantages

Accessibility is no problem.
It has a lot of functionality.
It’s portable.

Disadvantages

It only functions properly with little databases.
Scaling requires a lot of money and time.

PHP

The acronym PHP, or Hypertext Preprocessor, refers to a free and open-source programming language used for back-end development. It is an interpreted language mostly used for building dynamic, data-heavy websites. PHP is one of the most popular web page languages, and frameworks like WordPress and Drupal use it.

Features

Numerous third-party extensions, including .NET, MySQL, and Apache, support it.
It has HTML, text, PDF, animation, and image output capabilities.
Cloud services are compatible with it.

Advantages

Simple to use and learn
Works with all popular operating systems.
Enjoys strong community backing.

Disadvantages

The features for handling errors are not very good.
PHP-only development may be cumbersome.

C#

Microsoft created the object-oriented programming language C# (C Sharp). The .NET framework was first intended to be used in the development of Windows software. It is now frequently used to build backend systems, games, and mobile apps. Given that it can be used on platforms other than Windows, such as Android, Linux, and iOS, it is among the top coding languages for websites in 2024.

Features

It prevents memory leaks and includes a robust memory backup system.
It has a wealth of libraries that allow for quicker development.
Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) exclusively supports this language.

Advantages

Appropriate for all forms of web development
Complete.NET library integration
Quick compilation and execution

Disadvantages

Complicated multi-thread applications management
less flexibility

Ruby Rails

The popular backend web development language Ruby supports procedural, functional, and object-oriented programming. One of the most frequently advised languages for beginners is this one. Web development uses the Ruby on Rails framework and language extensively.

Features

Various Graphical User Interface (GUI) tools are supported.
Favors all popular operating systems, including Windows, Mac, and Linux
Comes with notable features including predetermined dispatch behavior, centralized package management, automatic garbage collection, etc.

Advantages

Has a lot of useful resources and a library
Prominent and involved community support
Adheres strictly to web standards

Disadvantages

Ruby programs are challenging to debug
It moves relatively slowly.

Golang

Google developed the open-source programming language Golang or Go in 2007. It enables the creation of effective and secure web applications and has syntax comparable to C. Go is a great language for network programming, machine learning, and data pipelines.

Features

It has built-in testing equipment.
Supports multithreading and can run many tasks simultaneously.
It includes great memory safety features like automated memory management and garbage collection.

Advantages

Quite simple to learn
Possesses a robust standard library
Delivers peak performance

Disadvantages

Ineffective ability to handle errors
A lack of adaptability

Angular

One of the most popular front-end languages with MVC architecture and dynamic modeling is Angular. It is an essential programming language that facilitates the development of difficult applications. Angular is easy to understand because it uses HTML for UI development. The most efficient way to develop projects with extensive functionality and beautiful design is to use Angular.

Features

It uses templates to speed up and simplify development.
To make development simpler, it makes use of extensions like Snippet and Angular Command Line Interface.

Advantages

Strict coding is necessary.
Allows for two-way data binding.
Better performance and functionality.

Disadvantages

A challenging learning curve.
For a system to operate properly, JavaScript support must be enabled.

Scala

The language called Scala is one of the most recent additions to the Java family. It offers all the functionality of Java in addition to a few upgrades that serve to mitigate some of Java’s drawbacks. For creating data analytics solutions, Scala is a fantastic option.